Page 82 - Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Kitabı

62 Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları

Parenteral Sefalosporinler Oral Sefalosporinler
1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3.
kuşak kuşak kuşak kuşak kuşak kuşak kuşak
Organizma Sefazolin Sefotetan Sefoksitin Sefuroksim Sefotaksim Seftizoksim Seftriakson Seftarolin Seftazidim Sefepim Sefadroksil Sefaleksin Lorakarbef Sefaklor/ Sefprozil aksetil Sefuroksim Sefiksim Seftibuten Sefpodoks Sefditoren/

Gram-pozitif
Streptokok Grup A, B, C, G + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Streptococcus pneumoniae 1 + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + + + + ± +
Viridans streptokoklar + + + + + + + + + 1 + + + + 0 + + 0 +
Enterococcus faecalis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Staphylococcus aureus + + + + + + + + ± + + + + + + 0 0 +
(MSSA)
Staphylococcus aureus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(MRSA) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Staphylococcus aureus
(CA-MRSA)
Staphylococcus epidermidis ± ± ± ± ± ± ± + ± ± ± ± ± ± ± 0 0 ±
Campylobacter jejuni 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Listeria monocytogenes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gram-negatif
Neisseria gonorrhoeae + ± ± ± ± ± + + ± + 0 0 ± ± ± + ± +
Neisseria meningitidis 0 ± ± + + ± + + ± + 0 0 ± ± ± ± ±
Moraxella catarrhalis + + + + + + + + + + 0 0 + + + + + +
Haemophilus influenzae + + + + + + + + + + 0 + + + + + +
Escherichia coli + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Klebsiella spp. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
E. coli/ Klebsiella spp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ESBL +
E. coli/ Klebsiella spp. KPC + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Enterobacter spp. 0 ± 0 ± + + + + + + 0 0 0 0 0 0 ± 0
Serratia spp. 0 + 0 0 + + + + + + 0 0 0 0 0 ± ± 0
Salmonella spp. + + + + + + 0 0 + + +
Shigella spp. + + + + + 0 0 + + +
Proteus mirabilis + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Proteus vulgaris 0 + + + + + + + + + 0 0 0 0 0 + + ±
Providencia spp. 0 + + 0 + + + + + + 0 0 0 0 + + +
Morganella spp. 0 + + ± + + + + + + 0 0 0 0 ± 0 0 0
Citrobacter freundii 0 0 0 0 + 0 + 0 + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Citrobacter diversus 0 ± ± ± + + + + + + 0 0 0 0 +
Citrobacter spp. 0 ± ± ± + + + + + + 0 ± 0 ± + + +
Aeromonas spp. 0 + ± + + + + + + + + +
Acinetobacter spp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ± ± 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0 0 0 0 ± ± ± ± + + 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Burkholderia cepacia 0 0 0 0 + + + 0 + ± 0 0 0 0 0 0 +
Stenotrophomonas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ± 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
maltophilia
Yersinia enterocolitica 0 ± ± ± + + + ± + + +
Legionella spp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pasteurella multocida + + + + + + 0 + +
Haemophilus ducreyi + + + + + +
ANAEROPLAR
Actinomyces spp. + +
Bacteroides fragilis 0 ± + 0 0 ± 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Prevotella melaninogenica + + + + + ± + 0 + + + +
Clostridium difficile 0 0 0 0
Clostridium (not difficile) + + + + + + + + + 0
Fusobacterium necrophorum +
Peptostreptococcus + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 Seftaz sadece penisilin duyarlı suşlara etkilidir, sefotaksim ve seftriakson’dan 8-16 kez daha az aktiftir; Oral sefuroksim, sefprozil ve sefpodoksim penisilin
dirençli pnömokoklara in-vitro daha aktiftir.