Page 17 - Erişkinlerde Hastanede Gelişen Pnömoni Tanı ve Tedavi Uzlaşı Raporu
P. 17

Türk Toraks Derneği Erişkinlerde Hastanede Gelişen Pnömoni Tanı ve Tedavisi Uzlaşı Raporu


              50.  Safdar N, Crnich CJ, Maki DG. The pathogenesis of ventilator-  patients who developed ventilator associated pneumonia. Ann
                 associated pneumonia: its relevance to developing effective   Thorac Med 2015;10:137-42.
                 strategies for prevention. Respir Care 2005;50:739-41.  69.  Bloos F, Marshall JC, Dellinger RP, et al. Multinational observa-
              51.  Garrouste-Orgeas M, Chevret S, Arlet G, et al. Oropharyngeal   tional study of procalcitonin in ICU patients with pneumonia
                 or gastric colonization and nosocomial pneumonia in adult in-  requiring  mechanical  ventilation:  a  multicenter  observational
                 tensive care unit patients. A prospective study based on geno-  study. Crit Care 2011;15:R88.
                 mic DNA analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997;156:1647-  70.  Hellyer TP, Morris AC, McAuley DF, et al. Diagnostic accu-
                 55.                                              racy of pulmonary host inflammatory mediators in the exclu-
              52.  Nseir S, Di Pompeo C, Pronnier P, et al. Nosocomial tracheob-  sion of ventilator associated pneumonia. Thorax 2015;70:41-
                 ronchitis in mechanically ventilated patients: incidence, aetio-  7.
                 logy and outcome. Eur Respir J 2002;20:1483-9.  71.  Zilberberg MD, Shorr AF. Ventilator associated pneumonia: The
              53.  Rello J, Quintana E, Ausina V, et al. Incidence, etiology, and   clinical pulmonary infection score as a surrogate for diagnostics
                 outcome of nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated   and outcome. Clin Infect Dis 2010;51:S131-S5.
                 patients. Chest 1991;100:439-44.              72.  Shan J, Chen HL, Zhu JH. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical pul-
              54.  Dodek P, Keenan S, Cook D, et al. Evidence-based clinical prac-  monary infection score for ventilator-associated pneumonia: a
                 tice guidelines for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneu-  meta-analysis. Respir Care 2011;56:1087-94.
                 monia. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:305-13.        73.  Karacan Ö, Altaş O, Savaş Ş, et al. Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerimizde-
              55.  Wunderink RG, Woldenberg LS, Zeiss J, et al. The radiologic   ki Alt Solunum Yolu İnfeksiyonları: 3 Yıllık Analiz. Yoğun Bakım
                 diagnosis of autopsy-proven ventilator associated pneumonia.   Dergisi 2004;4:61-8.
                 Chest 1992;101:458-63.                        74.  Öncül  A,  Koçulu  S,  Elevli  K.  Bir  Devlet  Hastanesi’nin  yoğun
              56.  Carraro E, Cook C, Evans D, et al. Lack of added predictive value   bakım ünitelerinde kazanılan hastane enfeksiyonlarının epide-
                 of portablo chest radiography in diagnosing ventilator associa-  miyolojisi: Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni 2012;46:60-5.
                 ted pulmonary infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2014;15:739-44.  75.  Nseir S, Favory R, Jozefowicz E, et al. Antimicrobial treatment
              57.  Craven DE, Hjalmarson KI. Ventilator associated tracheobronc-  for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis: a randomized, cont-
                 hitis and pneumonia: thinking outside of the box. Clin Infect Dis   rolled, multicenter study. Crit Care 2008;12:R62.
                 2010;51:S59-66.                               76.  Nseir S, Di Pompeo C, Soubrier S, et al. Outcomes of ventilated
              58.  Zagli G, Cozzolino M, Terreni A, et al. Diagnosis of ventila-  COPD patients with nosocomial tracheobronchitis: a case-cont-
                 tor-associated pneumonia: a pilot, exploratory analysis of a   rol study. Infection 2004;32:210-6.
                 new score based on procalcitonin and chest echography. Chest   77.  Dallas J, Skrupky L, Abebe N, et al. Ventilator-associated trac-
                 2014;146:1578-85.                                heobronchitis in a mixed surgical and medical ICU population.
              59.  Mongodi S, Via G, Girard M, et al. Lung ultrasound for early diag-  Chest 2011;139:513-8.
                 nosis of ventilator associated pneumonia. Chest 2016;149:969-  78.  Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Rodriguez A, et al. Incidence and
                 80.                                              prognosis of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (TAVeM):
              60.  Wang G, Ji X, Xu Y, et al. Lung ultrasound: a promising tool to   a multicentre, prospective, observational study. Lancet Respir
                 monitor ventilator associated pneumonia in critically ill pati-  Med 2015;3:859-68.
                 ents. Crit Care 2016;20:320.                  79.  Nseir S, Martin-Loeches I, Makris D, et al. Impact of appropriate
              61.  Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Uzmanları için Klinik Örnekten Sonuç Ra-  antimicrobial treatment on transition from ventilator-associated
                 poruna Uygulama Rehberi, Solunum Sistemi Örnekleri, Klinik   tracheobronchitis to ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care
                 Mikrobiyoloji Uzmanlık Derneği Yayınları No: 10, Aralık 2015,   2014;18:R129.
                 Ankara ISBN: 978-605-84108-5-5, Çağhan Ofset Matbaacılık   80.  Kollef MH. How I diagnose and manage ventilator associated
                 Ltd Şti.                                         tracheobronchitis. Med Intensiva 2016;40:176-8.
              62.  Berton DC, Kalil AC, Teixeira PJ. Quantitative versus qualitative   81.  Guillamet CV, Vazquez R, Noe J, et al. A cohort study of
                 cultures of respiratory secretions for clinical outcomes in pati-  bacteremic pneumonia: The importance of antibiotic resis-
                 ents with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Cochrane Database   tance and appropriate initial therapy? Medicine (Baltimore).
                 Syst Rev 2014;30:CD006482.                       2016;95(35):e4708.
              63.  Waters B, Muscedere J. A 2015 update on ventilator-associated   82.  Enne VI, Personne Y, Grgic L, et al. Aetiology of hospital-ac-
                 pneumonia: new insights on its prevention, diagnosis, and treat-  quired pneumonia and trends in antimicrobial resistance. Curr
                 ment. Curr Infect Dis Rep 2015;17:496.           Opin Pulm Med 2014;20:252-8.
              64.  Tasbakan MS, Gurgun A, Basoglu OK, et al. Comparison of   83.  Boyce JM, Pop OF, Abreu-Lanfranco O, et al. A trial of dis-
                 bronchoalveolar lavage and mini-bronchoalveolar lavage in the   continuation of empiric vancomycin therapy in patients with
                 diagnosis of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Res-  suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus health
                 piration 2011;81:229-35.                         care-associated pneumonia.  Antimicrob Agents  Chemother
              65.  Agbaht K, Diaz E, Munoz E, et al. Bacteremia in patients with   2013;57:1163-8.
                 ventilator-associated  pneumonia  is  associated  with  increased   84.  Arthur LE, Kizor RS, Selim AG, et al. Antibiotics for venti-
                 mortality:  a study  comparing bacteremic  vs.  nonbacteremic   lator-associated pneumonia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev
                 ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2007;35:2064-  2016;10:CD004267.
                 70.                                           85.  Ewan V, Hellyer T, Newton J, et al. New horizons in hospital
              66.  Jensen JU, Hein L, Lundgren B, et al. Procalcitonin-guided inter-  acquired pneumonia in older people. Age Ageing 2017;46:352-
                 ventions against infections to increase early appropriate antibi-  58.
                 otics and improve survival in the intensive care unit: a randomi-  86.  Uni M, Nishimura N, Yamano Y, et al. Efficacy of early switch
                 zed trial. Crit Care Med 2011;39:2048-58.        from intravenous to oral antimicrobials in patients with aspirati-
              67.  Liu D, Su LX, Guan W, et al. Prognostic value of procalcitonin   on pneumonia: A prospective observational study. Respir Inves-
                 in pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respiro-  tig 2015;53: 225-31.
                 logy 2016;21:280-8.                           87.  Lee RW, Lindstrom ST. Early switch to oral antibiotics and early
              68.  Tanriverdi  H,  Tor  MM,  Kart  L,  et  al.  Prognostic  values  of  se-  discharge guidelines in the management of community-acqui-
                 rum procalcitonin and C reactive protein levels in critically ill   red pneumonia. Respirology 2007;12:111-6.
   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19